دیپلماسی فرهنگی ایران به مثابه راهبرد کلیدی در روابط استراتژیک با کشورهای آفریقای شرقی

نویسندگان

    مجید رسولی * استادیار، گروه ژئوپلیتیک مرکز مطالعات آفریقا، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. m.rasouli@modares.ac.ir
https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.jspsich.2.1.20

کلمات کلیدی:

روابط دیپلماتیک, فرهنگ, اقتصادی, ایران, آفریقای شرقی

چکیده

روابط ایران و آفریقا ریشه در تاریخ دارد. آفریقا همواره یکی از اولویت­های اصلی سیاست خارجی ایران بوده است. ایران در دوران جنگ سرد از روند استعمار زدایی در سراسر آفریقا حمایت کرده بود. تا سال 1979، مشارکت ایران با آفریقا بر اساس منافع متقابل اقتصادی، سیاسی و استراتژیک بود. بعد از انقلاب اسلامی ماهیت این روابط دچار تغییرات و دگرگونی­هایی شد. روابط دیپلماتیک و اقتصادی ایران با کشورهای آفریقای شرقی طی سال‌های اخیر به‌ویژه در زمینه‌های سیاسی، تجاری و توسعه‌ای گسترش یافته است. ایران با تکیه بر اصولی چون عدم مداخله در امور داخلی و همگرایی کشورهای در حال توسعه، در تلاش است تا جایگاه خود را در این منطقه تقویت کند و در مقابل نفوذ کشورهای غربی رقبا ایجاد نماید. از این رو هدف از این پژوهش بررسی روابط دیپلماتیک و اقتصادی بین ایران و کشورهای آفریقای شرقی است. در راستای دستیابی به این هدف از روش توصیفی-تحلیلی بهره گرفته شده است. یافته­های تحقیق نشان داد از جنبه اقتصادی، ایران به‌دنبال بهره‌برداری از منابع طبیعی و نیازهای توسعه‌ای کشورهای آفریقای شرقی است، در حالی‌که این کشورها نیز به محصولات و خدمات ایران در حوزه‌های نفت، پتروشیمی، مهندسی و فناوری نیاز دارند. با این حال، چالش‌هایی مانند تحریم‌ها و رقابت با دیگر قدرت‌های اقتصادی مانند چین و هند وجود دارد. از منظر دیپلماتیک نیز برخی از کشورهای آفریقایی به دنبال محدود نمودن جمهوری اسلامی ایران برای نفوذ فرهنگی و مذهبی در این منطقه هستند از ا این رو با رقبای ایران همچون اسرائیل و عربستان سعودی ارتباط برقرار می­نمایند و در مقابل ایران با ابزار دیپلماسی فرهنگی و مذهبی به دنبال گسترش نفوذ خود در منطقه است. به‌طور کلی، روابط ایران با این منطقه پتانسیل‌های زیادی برای توسعه دارد، اما نیازمند مدیریت هوشمندانه فرصت‌ها و چالش‌ها برای دستیابی به نتایج مطلوب است.

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رسولی م. (1402). دیپلماسی فرهنگی ایران به مثابه راهبرد کلیدی در روابط استراتژیک با کشورهای آفریقای شرقی. مطالعات سیاسی-اجتماعی تاریخ و فرهنگ ایران، 2(1)، 523-570. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.jspsich.2.1.20

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